What Are DC Motors?: A Beginner’s Guide

 

We have heard the term “DC  motors” pop up across several industries but have you ever wondered what it means? DC motors are an important component utilized across numerous industries, from rolling mills to elevators. Today let us take a look at DC motors, what it is, their applications, their overall importance and more.

What is a DC Motor?

DC motors or Direct Current Motors are machines that specialize in transforming electrical energy from a battery into mechanical energy. When the electrical energy or current passes through the power source and directly into the motor, the energy is transformed and recast into mechanical rotation. Mechanical rotation happens because this process allows wheels, blades and propellers to spin along with other elements.

How Does A  DC Motor Operate?

DC motors operate by employing their power source to create electrical energy or current inside the motor’s brush. This process, along with stator magnets, produces magnetic fields. The magnetic field created by the electrically charged brushes is used to generate movement in the rotor. The electrical input and the type of motor also determine the speed of the motor and the amount of torque.

What Are The Parts of a DC Motor?

DC motors or Direct Current Motors have numerous parts, although they might vary based on the type of DC motor. However, the parts mentioned are found in your average DC motor.

• Axel: Responsible for holding the commutator and the armature.
• Armature: A collection of electromagnets responsible for electrical current and its movement.
• Commutator: Permits the discharge of electricity to the armature
• Stator Magnets: Responsible for creating a rotating magnetic field for the armature.
• Brushes: Operates along with the commutator to provide proper rotation.

What Are The Different Types Of DC Motors?

Direct Current motors, or DC motors, can be classified into four different categories. These categorizations allow you to comprehend how these DC motors operate and their various uses. 

1. Permanent Magnet DC Motor

In Permanent Magnet DC Motors, permanent magnets are employed to create the field flux. Field winding on the stator frame is not present in this type of DC motor. It instead operates on permanent magnets to create a magnetic field allowing the rotor field to interact and generates torque. These DC motors are known for their high initial starting torque and can regulate speed thoroughly.  

2. Series DC Motors

In Series DC motors, the full armature current courses via the field winding. Series DC motors also comprise significantly larger conductors in their windings. This allows the motor to have a minimal resistance, which permits them to obtain and accept a larger amount of power supply. The primary drawback of these DC motors is that heavy loads can majorly impact speed.

3. Shunt DC Motors 

Shunt DC motors are where armature and shunt field windings are parallel to each other but not to the series field winding. Since the shunt field can be operated without the armature windings, it allows for easier control on reversing. Shunt DC motors have incredible speed control and regulation despite the load on the motor. This ability makes shunt DC motors ideal for operations that require accurate speed control. 

4. Compound DC Motors

Compound DC motors contain both series winding and shunt field winding. These DC motors usually provide great starting torque but may have control issues during variable-speed drive usage. The motors in the compound DC motors have the ability to be connected in two methods: differentially and cumulatively.

The cumulative connection type joins the series field to assist the shunt field, equipping it with a higher starting torque but lower speed control. On the other hand, the differential connection type has great speed control and usually functions at a steady speed. 

What Are The Applications Of Different DC Motors?

Permanent Magnet DC Motor is employed in several household appliances and day-to-day appliances such as blowers, air conditioners, toys, electric toothbrushes, power tools, heaters, food mixers, and ever objects like windshield wipers and more.

Series DC motors are typically used where high starting torque and speed variations are necessary. This type of DC motor is used in sewing machines, portable electrical appliances, vacuum cleaners, winches, air compressors and more. They can also be seen in traction systems, engine starters, and cranes and are utilized to cowl and control airplane wings.

Shunt DC motors are utilized for items requiring constant speed. The shunt dc motors applications are in centrifugal pumps, weaving machines fans, blowers, conveyor belts, lifts, mixers, spinning machines, etc.

Compound wound motors are operated where you require higher starting torque and constant speed. These DC motors applications include printing presses, shears, cutting machines, conveyors, elevators, steel rolling mills, heavy planners, industrial mixers, etc.

Where To Find The Highest-Quality DC Motors?

Are you looking for best-in-class DC motors? Look no further than The Steefo Group. You get assurance on quality when you select DC motors from The Steefo group. You also get your hands on the most ingenious and futuristic products that will help you convert the face of your business.

Our projects and products, such as DC motors, also undergo strict testing and quality inspections to deliver the best-in-class products. Our focus on technology and innovation also provides you with the most up-to-date products for your rolling mill.

To learn more about the Steefo Group and their products and how they can boost your productivity and profits, contact +91 98240 76873 or drop a mail at marketing@thesteefogroup.com.